You might want to consider a Husky or a Husky mix. They are STRONG hearty dogs that always proved to be loving and playful for me and my family. They love the outdoors and do not mind the cold. Ours slept outside all year round in a small doghouse with plenty of hay. They were built for it.
These dogs can pull a cart or sled for you in a survival situation. Our entire extended family owned them at one point. At one time a large dog got away from its owner and was rushing at my grandfather. He unhooked his husky, Charley, (a beautiful gray and white husky) and Charley intercepted the dog. They wrestled and Charley pinned the larger dog to the ground, possibly saving my old grandfathers life.
Huskies are very intelligent. As far as getting along with other dogs... they are very pack oriented. But not violent. There objective in a fight with another husky or another dog is to subdue it and establish the pecking order. I have never seen one of our huskies attack another dog. As a matter of fact, one of my fathers favorite stories to tell is one when he brought Cassy, our husky to pet day for me at school. Cassy was the only dog in the room who was not barking or raising a fuss about the other dogs. To the contrary she was silent and sat next to my father.
I think I can safely say that a husky may damn well be a overlooked dog for a militia man. Especially one who lives in colder climates or a zone like mine where you seem to get the worst of both extremes